Eli linqaku elomileyo kakhulu, kwaye liya kukunceda kakhulu emva kokulifunda!

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Kutheni itshokholethi ifuna ukuphola?

Itshokolethi yenziwe ngembewu yomthi wekoko.I-cocoa pods iyabiliswa, yomiswe, kwaye yosiwe ukufumana iimbotyi ze-cocoa, eziqulethe malunga ne-51% ukuya kwi-55% yamafutha, ebizwa ngokuba yi "cocoa butter".

Ibhotolo yecocoa yioli enomlingo kakhulu.Iqulethwe ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-fatty acids, kwaye umlinganiselo wokubunjwa kwayo uhluke kakhulu kwamanye amafutha.Njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mzobo ungezantsi, igophe layo eliqinileyo lesalathiso samafutha lithelekiswa nebhotolo, ibhotolo kunye namanye amanqatha.Ingumnqantsa kakhulu.Iqala ukuthamba kwi 28 degrees celcius, kwaye umxholo oqinileyo ujika ngokukhawuleza ube lulwelo kwi 33 degrees celsius.

Kutheni itshokholethi inokuhlala iqinile kwaye yomelele kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, kwaye irhabaxa xa ilunyiwe, kodwa inyibilika emlonyeni?

Kutheni itshokholethi inokuhlala iqinile kwaye yomelele kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, kwaye irhabaxa xa ilunyiwe, kodwa inyibilika emlonyeni?

Yindawo encinci yokunyibilika yebhotolo yekoko ekufutshane nobushushu bomzimba womntu owenza incasa yetshokholethi.

Uqhagamshelo olungenamthungo lobushushu!Kunokubakho njani imvakalelo yokuba ubukho betshokholethi kukwanelisa umnqweno womntu wokutya?

Ngokukodwa, ibhotela ye-cocoa ineentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-crystalline yebhotolo eqinileyo.

Kukho ngokubanzi ezi-4 iintlobo eziqhelekileyo, ezizezi, γ, α, β', β.Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokushisa, ukuguqulwa kwefom ye-crystal kuboniswe kulo mfanekiso ulandelayo:

Indawo yokunyibilika ye-γ-uhlobo lwekristale yi-16 ~ 18℃, engazinzanga kakhulu, kwaye iya kuguqula ibe yi-α-uhlobo malunga nemizuzwana ye-3.Ukungahoywa.

Izakhiwo zezinye iikristale ezintathu ziboniswe kumzobo ongezantsi:

Iikristale zohlobo lwe-α (uhlobo lwe-I kunye ne-II): indawo yokunyibilika i-17 ~ 23 ℃, iya kuguqula ibe yikristale yohlobo lwe-β' kwiyure enye kwiqondo lokushisa.Ubume buthambile, bubuthathaka kwaye kulula ukunyibilika.

Iikristale zohlobo lwe-β' (uhlobo lwe-III kunye ne-IV): indawo yokunyibilika i-25 ~ 28 ℃, iya kuguqula ibe yi-crystal yohlobo lwe-β kwinyanga ezayo kwiqondo lokushisa.Ubume buqinile, abunabuqhetseba, kwaye kulula ukunyibilika.

Iikristale ezizinzile kakhulu zohlobo lwe-β (uhlobo lwe-V kunye ne-VI) zinendawo yokunyibilika ye-33 ~ 36 ° C, enobunzima obunzima kunye ne-brittle texture, kunye neqondo lokushisa elincibilikayo elikufutshane nobushushu bomzimba womntu.Nangona kunjalo, olona hlobo luzinzileyo lwe-VI crystal particles kunye neyona ndawo iphezulu yokunyibilika irhabaxa kwaye incasa imbi, kwaye iya kuvelisa intyantyambo yamanqatha kumphezulu (yiyo loo nto umaleko "we-hoarfrost" uya kubumba kumphezulu wetshokolethi emva kwexesha elide. ixesha), ngoko i-Metastable ngakumbi iikristale ezimile okwe-V ezizinzileyo kwaye zinenkangeleko ekhazimlayo ziye zaba sesona sakhiwo sifanelekileyo segrisi.

Injongo yohlengahlengiso lobushushu kukunyibilikisa itshokolethi kwaye uhlengahlengise iqondo lobushushu ukuze ufumane eyona polymorphism ifanelekileyo, ukunika itshokholethi incasa ecrisp, silky kunye nenkangeleko entle emenyezelayo.

Ukubuyela kumaqondo obushushu amane akhankanywe ngasentla, kutheni indawo yesibini yokupholisa yetshokolethi ekrakra kude kube ngu-28 ° C?

Kukuphepha ukubunjwa kwezinye iikristale ezingathandekiyo kwibhotela ye-cocoa, eya kuchaphazela umgangatho wetshokolethi egqityiweyo.

Ukongeza, i-cocoa paste kunye neswekile kwitshokolethi nayo iya kuba nefuthe kwinkqubo yecrystallization, kodwa xa sithetha, ayilunganga njengohlengahlengiso lobushushu, ngoko ke andizukuyikhankanya apha okwangoku.

Ke, indlela yokukhawulezisa ukupholisa ukuvelisa iikristale ezinemilo engu-V?

Ubushushu bufanele buhlengahlengiswe njani?

Thatha eyona chocolate yobisi idumileyo njengomzekelo:

INYATHELO LOKU-1: Ngokubanzi, indlela yokufudumeza emanzini isetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa itshokolethi.Njengoko kuboniswe kumzobo ongezantsi, ufudumala ukuya kuma-40 ° C emanzini.Ngeli xesha, kufuneka iqhutywe ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye uqaphele ukuba ungavumeli umphunga wamanzi ungene kwitshokolethi.

INYATHELO 2: Zininzi iindlela zokuzipholisa, njengokupholisa amanzi, itafile, imbewu, njl.

Ezi ndlela zikhawuleza ukupholisa itshokolethi ukuphepha ukubunjwa kwe-VI crystals kunye neengqungquthela ezinqabileyo kunye nencasa embi.

Thatha eyona ndlela iqhele ukusetyenziswa kunye neyona ibukekayo yokupholisa itafile yebhastile njengomzekelo.Galela isibini kwisithathu setshokholethi enyibilike ngokulinganayo kwitafile yebhastile.

Sebenzisa i-spatula ukukrazula ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye unqumle de i-tshokoleta ibe nzima kwaye iqale ukunamathela kwi-spatula kwaye ayikwazi ukuhla.Umfanekiso ongezantsi ngumzekelo.

Ngeli xesha, iqondo lokushisa li malunga ne-25 ° C, kwaye iikristale zeoli ezintle zenziwe.Kuyimfuneko ukukhuhla yonke itshokolethi etafileni ubuyele embizeni yoqobo ngoko nangoko, kwaye ubushushu bungaqhubeki buncipha ukuze buvelise iikristale zohlobo lwe-β' okanye iikristale zohlobo lwe-α.

Ukuba iqondo lokushisa liphantsi kakhulu, ubushushu kufuneka buhlengahlengiswe kwakhona ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuqala.

INYATHELO 3: Ukufudumeza kwakhona.Krwela yonke itshokolethi etafileni ubuyele embizeni yoqobo kwaye uyixube netshokholethi engapholiswanga.Ubushushu ngeli xesha bumalunga nama-30°C.Ukuba itshokolethi i-viscous kakhulu ngaphantsi kwe-30 ° C kwinqanaba elilandelayo, inokufudunyezwa kancinci ukuya kuma-30 ° C emanzini.

Eli nyathelo kufuneka lilumke, ukuba izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, i-crystals yeoli iya kunyibilika kwakhona, kwaye iqondo lokushisa kufuneka lilungiswe kwakhona ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuqala.

Emva koko, itshokholethi ethe yaphola ingasetyenziselwa ukuqhubeka nokubumba inaliti, ukudipha, kunye nokubumba imisebenzi.

Kodwa kusafuneka ubeke ingqalelo, kungcono ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokugcina ubushushu ukulawula ubushushu, xa iqondo lobushushu libanda kakhulu, itshokolethi kufuneka ibekwe kwakhona.

Ke ngoko, itshokolethi yinto ebuthathaka kakhulu.Inovelwano kakhulu kubushushu kunye nokufuma.Ukuba kukho ukungakhathali kwinkqubo yokulungiswa kweqondo lokushisa, kufuneka iqaliswe ngokupheleleyo, enzima kakhulu.